Books coming out in a series of "School of Foreign and Pedagogy," always cause great interest among Soviet readers. Is no exception, and a book by EP Belozertseva "Education in the Republic of Afghanistan." It describes the system of public education in this country, its condition, history and tradition, the prospects for development.

The book contains specific materials: curricula of various educational institutions, data on the composition of students, their level of general education about the process of literacy and the reform of secondary education, Higher education Teachers' vanii in the country. All this makes it possible to visualize the status and trends of public education in Afghanistan. The use of Afghan sources, primarily the PDPA documents, materials, educational research, statements of Afghan teachers makes the book credible and convincing.

The book is clearly traced the basic idea of ​​socialist education - education class character, interpreted community of democratic reforms in education in the countries of socialist orientation, reveals general and specific in this process are revealed contradictions in it.

A thoughtful reading of the book helps to create a sense of responsibility of teachers for their professional activities, the quality of which depends largely on the success of social change, understanding of such an important issue in modern pedagogy as the ratio of the socialist and human values.

To understand the peculiarity of the current state of pedagogy and school in Afghanistan is impossible without reference to their history. The book analyzes the main historical features of education in this country that need to be taken into account when considering the development of modern pedagogy and school: Afghan public firm belief that education can not be without religion, orientation of the formal school curriculum students memorizing information; first experience of coordinating the Afghan and European traditions of education prevailing in the XIX century is in many ways defined the tradition of training in elite high schools, which became the foundation of modern education system, the use of European experience, in accordance with the socio-political and economic conditions in Afghanistan in the 70s. XX century., Which led to the beginning of modernization of education and has played in spite of its limitations and incompleteness, a positive role in building the foundations of the Afghan version of the actual system of public education.

Occupies a special place in the book analyzes the socio-economic and political conditions in which takes place in modern Afghanistan, the process of cultural change. The author points to specific examples, that the April Revolution in 1978, which was the nature of the national-democratic, popular, anti-feudal and anti-imperialist, made it possible to implement in Afghanistan modern education system, providing real all citizens, regardless of their social status, nationality , sex and religion, equal rights in education.

The author does not hide the difficulties encountered in implementing the educational reform, which created the counter-revolution: dushmanov destroyed more than 2,000 schools and killed many teachers and students. Learning of this, readers will once again be sure to pedagogy in the modern world is the arena of acute struggle. But the concrete steps of the modern leadership of the Republic of Afghanistan , described by the author, offer hope for the successful implementation of the planned program of public education.

The fruitful cooperation between our countries in education was manifested in the development of new programs, educational plans, the system of general and vocational secondary education, higher pedagogical education, modern management of public education.

The Afghan school due to the historical traditions of the religious discipline of study, along with historical and social cycle, designed to generate ideas about the determining role of production in society, changing patterns of socio-economic formations, the class struggle as the driving force of any exploitative society, the role of the masses in the history of the world socialist system. But social studies taught in classes IX-XI high schools, in which only a small part of learning to children, and most infected by bourgeois ideology, as they are by their social origins are mostly natives of Commerce and entrepreneurial environment. The Afghan school children learn the cycle of scientific disciplines, which should form their materialistic view of the world. However, satisfied-tion of this goal, the author notes, insufficient training of teachers and the weak material and technical base.

In order to achieve this important goal of school, as education of the individual with an active social position, it is necessary that social studies became the main course in schools, institutions of higher education. The survey of teachers, students of pedagogical universities listed in the book suggest that a solution to this problem is associated with considerable difficulties. The author rightly points out that you can solve it, deliberately selecting students in the educational institutions of higher learning, improving their training.

Undoubtedly, the book Belozertseva EP "Education in the Republic of Afghanistan" will be met with interest by Soviet teachers, experts in the field of education.

Three. Vasilyev, doctor of pedagogical sciences, L. Tryanitsyna, Ph.D.

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